Amine-reactive dyes (next section: Membrane integrity viability dyes (amine-reactive)): These viability dyes covalently bind to the primary amine groups available on cellular proteins that are located on the exterior and interior of cells.Nucleic-acid viability dyes include SYTOX dead cell stains, propidium iodide (PI), and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). Nucleic acid-binding dyes (this section): These viability dyes are non-fluorescent in aqueous media but exhibit increased fluorescence upon binding to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) or RNA.Membrane integrity viability dyes comprise: They are not able to penetrate the uncompromised plasma membrane of live cells. Membrane integrity dyes are cell-impermeant and only able to enter cells with a compromised plasma membrane. Membrane integrity is a commonly measured parameter in cell viability assays. Cell viability kits help provide more context of cellular changes than a single-parameter readout. These viability kits allow for simultaneous detection of live, dead, and damaged/dying cells. Cell viability kits are also available and provide the ability to detect multiple measures of cell health. Each viability reagent provides a single-parameter readout on whether cells are living or dead. Each assay contains a specially designed reagent that determines viability based on cellular membrane integrity, cellular function such as enzymatic activity, or metabolic activity. Most assays can be used across multiple detection platforms including fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and microplate readers. Thermo Fisher Scientific offers a vast array of assays for detecting cell viability. Cell viability assays are used to measure the physical and physiological health of cells in response to extracellular stimuli, chemical agents, or therapeutic treatments, or when determining optimal growth conditions in cell culture. Cell viability refers to the number of live, healthy cells in a sample.
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